MOTS-c

Overview

MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) encoded within the 12S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA. Discovered by Dr. Changhan David Lee at the University of Southern California in 2015, MOTS-c represents a novel class of signaling peptides that originate from the mitochondrial genome. It is the first mitochondrial-encoded peptide shown to have systemic signaling functions.

Research Summary

Research on MOTS-c has focused on its role as a mitochondrial-nuclear communication signal. Studies in cell culture and animal models have examined its effects on AMPK activation, glucose metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, and cellular stress responses. Mouse studies have investigated its effects on exercise capacity, metabolic homeostasis, and aging-related metabolic decline. Research has documented its ability to translocate to the nucleus under stress conditions and directly regulate gene expression through interaction with ARE (antioxidant response element) sites. MOTS-c represents a growing area of research in mitochondrial biology and metabolic signaling.

Proposed Mechanism of Action

MOTS-c activates AMPK signaling and modulates the folate-methionine cycle, affecting de novo purine synthesis and cellular methyl donor availability. Under metabolic stress, MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus where it interacts with ARE-containing promoter regions to regulate gene expression related to antioxidant defense and metabolic adaptation.

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Published Research References

References are provided for informational purposes. PeptiNox does not endorse or validate the conclusions of cited studies. All listed research pertains to preclinical or in vitro investigations unless otherwise noted.